Like any teenager, Napoleon was attracted to the opposite sex. Napoleon died on May 5th, 1821. He eventually lost control of Portugal. It was hot in Europe’s interior, which put a strain on men and supplies. The government of France was officially. Below the nobility of the sword came the “nobility of the robe,” including the justices of the parlements and other courts and a host of other officials. Napoleon created over 2300 articles of laws. The Retreat from Moscow: Finally, Napoleon decided to leave but the Russian winter had set in. Napoleon decided against a coup, and instead had the government moved away from the Paris mobs, to Saint-Cloud. No period of history has so frequently been rewritten in the light of current preoccupations or been such a repeated battleground of conflicting ideologies as the French Revolution. He called his new laws The Code Napoleon. Sign in|Recent Site Activity|Report Abuse|Print Page|Powered By Google Sites, In the 1700s, France was considered the most advanced. Regardless, Napoleon fell head over heels for Josephine. Louis XIV had spent money on wars and parties but had only taxed the Third Estate. He even changed his name to Bonaparte. The Catholic Church was reorganized and became the state religion of France. The revolutionaries had no choice but to fight. His first job was to create a set of laws that were logical and clearly understood by the common people. The conservative forces led to a struggle between liberalism and nationalism. The Directory was overthrown and. _____ Religious Intolerance        _____ Social Injustice              _____ Unpopular Method of Rule, _____ Enlightenment Ideas        _____ Economic Distress        _____ Nationalism. There he wrote his memoirs. When finished, look at UN statistics for annual income by country. Vitebsk: Half of Napoleon’s army had died or deserted, and Napoleon still didn’t have his major battle. Which do you think may have been the more dire causes? He returned to France and resumed his affair with Desiree. Economic Cause. The Directory was unpopular, and would later allow Bonaparte to take control of France. The war went badly, and Louis XVI was blamed. She was fifteen years old and married to a Polish count in his 70s. Monarchy - Monarchy - Premodern monarchies: During the Middle Ages, European monarchies underwent a process of evolution and transformation. They took guns, freed prisoners and destroyed it. Although the French and American people had several distinct and differing motives for revolting against their ruling governments, some similar causes led to both revolutions, including the following:Economic struggles: Both the Americans and French dealt with a taxation system they found discriminating and unfair. The Third Estate thought that it was being treated unfairly. They both thought the other was financially stable. Why did the European monarchs during the French Revolution fear the "French Plague"? Napoleon was now ready to make a large number of changes in French society. The whole country fell into violence and chaos. The University of France was established. How many inches tall is a sixteen Oz monster energy can? European Monarchs React to the French Revolution. The Third Estate demanded that votes be spread evenly: not one vote per social class, but one vote per person. Single women could not be a legal guardian of a child or witness a legal document. The economy of France fell apart and there were food shortages. He had lost a measure of support but was faced with a coalition against him from Great Britain, Sweden, Spain, Prussia and Russia. The school system was open to all citizens. Have a look at these sites. How does mobility effect diffusion rates. (4) All former ruling families would be restored to their thrones. Also, Napoleon took power from his political enemies by taking assets from his political enemies. It decided curriculum, salary of teachers, licenses, promotion and the books used. How is purchasing power connected to this? Centralized education meant that there was heavy censorship. In the struggle between liberal and conservative ideas, Prince Klemens von Metternich of Austria led the charge. As a result, efforts were made to incorporate Enlightenment Each numbered section above is an example of one of these causes of revolutions. In the end only 30,000 troops survived. Food was burning along with parts of the city. People were angry at the Directory because it was corrupt. Fathers had the power to allow or disallow their children to marry a person. Napoleon felt that he couldn’t marry a divorced woman already pregnant with his child, so he strung along Waleska as he sought the Russian Czar’s younger sister. Many of the people in France, especially the poor and middle class, wanted to set up that type of government for themselves. Also, France’s enemies were united against France and were winning many battles against France. Some supporters suggested that he become Consul for Life. Abbott (Emmanuel Joseph) Sieyes, a clergyman and political theorist, suggested that he use the army for a coup. Napoleon now knew he could procreate and gave Josephine the boot and sent her to a country estate. (Select all that apply.) Britain and Russia were still poised against France in Europe and Napoleon’s army was devastated. However, it was responsible to Napoleon. A variety of _____ with different views competed for power in revolutionary Paris. Click on the source to continue reading on the situation in France. Political Cause: During the eighteen the Century France was the centre of autocratic monarchy. There was some small fighting. Background: After Napoleon had taken control of much of Western Europe he began working towards continental dominance through military campaigns and spreading French reforms to other conquered European nations. Louis XVI let the rich have a little say in government. The Estates are social classes consisting of: the First, Second, and Third Estates. Russia underwent severe economic strain and eventually began trading with Britain. The European monarchs were joined in their vigil by the Fre… The French Revolution was a wakeup call to European monarchs who were shocked and appalled at what had happened in France. Absolutism within France was a political system associated with kings such as Louis XIII and, more particularly, Louis XIV. France soon enough went to war against Austria, Prussia, and the German States in the War of the First Coalition and abolished the monarchy in September 1792. Napoleon Bonaparte would be a key figure in this. The changes brought prosperity to France, as well as stability. Ever since Edmund Burke, 170 years ago, dipped his pen in vitriol to blast the Revolution in its infancy, generation after generation of Frenchmen, with occasional support from other … why did europeon rulers and nobles denounce the French Revolution? The major powers were Britain, Russia, Austria and Prussia. Napoleon was thinking about taking control and waiting for his chance. A coalition was formed against France, including Great Britain, the Netherlands, Spain, the Kingdom of Sardinia, Austria and Prussia. What kind of government did the Constitution of 1791 set up? There was great unrest in France, caused by bad harvests, high, prices, high taxes, and disturbing questions raised by the Enlightenment ideas. The poor and the middle class (called the Third Estate) had to pay them all. Napoleon also wrote the Concordat. Napoleon’s Temperament During Childhood and Youth. The French Revolution was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France that had a major impact. There were four main decisions made. (Select all that apply.) Nobility is a social class normally ranked immediately below royalty and found in some societies that have a formal aristocracy.Nobility has often been an estate of the realm that possessed more acknowledged privilege and higher social status than most other classes in society. They groaned under heavy taxes and forced labour. This angered commoners. From there he imagined himself returning to France with an army of loyal roy He returned to France but was thrown in jail for is revolutionary activities. He was reluctant to fight, but had to make a stand near the town of Waterloo in today’s Belgium. He wanted a temporary government set up. Napoleon made himself First Consul, but had named two other Consuls, to make it seem like they worked together. In 1791, the monarchs of Austria and Prussia issued the Declaration of Pilnitz, in which they threatened to intervene to protect the French monarchy. People are rioting all over France due to bread shortages and hardships on the poor. After Napoleon’s defeat these ideas were suppressed by reactionaries and conservatives. Napoleon centralized the government. Finally, the French people loved their country and wanted it to become the best it could be. Old Regime                     Third Estate, Declaration of the Rights of Man    Jacobins, Directory                         Sans-culottes, The Great Fear               The Terror                     Napoleonic Code, émigré                   constitutional monarchy. Ideas about political empowerment, liberty and freedom grew. Napoleon’s conquests in Europe led to the spread of revolutionary ideas throughout the continent. France had an absolute monarch. _____spoke out in favor of women's rights. They did not want the revolution to spread to their countries. People: All people were not equal before the law. Did Britney Spears cheat on Justin Timberlake? By the time Napoleon became emperor this made him crazy. Workers unions were illegal. Napoleon was quick tempered; laughed at for his Corsican accent and strange appearance; anti-social (and a little paranoid that people laughed at him); good at Math, History and Geography (good military-related subjects); thought he was superior and had a big ego; and very patriotic to Corsica. They wanted a government where they had religious freedom. This caused Napoleon to deploy numerous troops to the Iberian peninsula. They Still, Europe had to be re-organized after Napoleon’s defeat. Tens of thousands of men died, but it was still not a decisive battle. He wealthy noble husband had been beheaded during the Terror. When Napoleon arrived on the coast of France troops welcomed his appeals to give him a chance to restore France’s glory. The southern port was under fire from European powers and French royalists. Absolute rule meant that the power of the monarch was, … D. Marie Antoinette. How did European monarchs and nobles feel about the french revolution. Most of his best-trained soldiers were dead after the Russian failure. The Brunswick Manifesto appears to have made French radicals see the monarchs as united in an international monarchist and noble class conspiracy to keep common people down. (Select all that apply.) This was short-lived as her father hated the French National Convention – “those murderous men” who ruled France. However, in reality they were only Napoleon’s advisors. They had many of problems. (the man was expected to do the asking) That was the end of Desiree. It had three groups, but the most powerful were the Jacobins. How did European monarchs and nobles feel about the french revolution? There were three main points: There were also criminal, commercial (business), and punishment laws (trials). France was once again a monarchy with an empire in Europe and around the world. He formed a young and old, inexperienced army. Louis XVI tried to raise taxes on the rich but they refused to pay. Napoleon’s conquests led to a spread of French revolutionary ideas. History of Europe - History of Europe - Nobles and gentlemen: Between persistent poverty and the prevailing aristocratic spirit several connections can be made. Name:_____ Date: _____ Block: French Revolution Webquest We have learned about absolutism and how monarchs abused their power in Europe. So, Napoleon marched into the Orangerie and ordered them to sign a paper creating a provisional government -  it is known as the coup of 18 Brumaire (November9, 1799). Since 1789, the Émigré had scattered throughout Europe. Many of them felt that democracy was the best way for this to happen. He had to rebuild it. Because of Louis XIV, the rich in France paid no taxes at all. Additionally, France’s involvement in the American Revolution, along with extravagant spending practices by King Louis XV… Historians are divided over the strength of Catholicism in late eighteenth-century France. The Third Estate, which was 97% of the population, only got one vote. The nobles of the robe, or their ancestors, had originally become nobles by buying their offices. Napoleon asked for the hand of the fifteen year old, but was turned down. A. 7. The country was economically unstable, the government was weak, and people rioted against the corrupt government. Finally, Napoleon declared that he and Desiree were more suited to each other and likewise with his brother and Julie. France also couldn’t reach its colonies. In addition, there were food shortages. Napoleon had left early to stop an uprising in Paris. There were 83 departments established. In the mid to late 1700s, France was a mess. Napoleon brought with him two regiments of soldiers, which made the council angry and refused him. Her name was Emilie. At first, they waited, monitoring the situation in France closely. The strong appeal of noble status and values was a force working generally against the pursuit of wealth and the investment that was to lead, precociously and exceptionally in Britain, to the Industrial Revolution. Education had major changes. People rose up against the monarchy because Louis had brought troops to the assembly. View the answer now. Over 30,000 people were beheaded. An angry mob of 30,000 people gathered outside of the National Convention, angry at the lack of voting power, bread shortages and financial state of the country. This system is very centralized (controlled by the government), and similar to the one in France today. He was now in position to make many changes in France. (3) The balance of power was restored, so no nation was too powerful. The Tokugawa Period and the Beginnings of Meiji, Exploration, Enlightenment and the Scientific Revolution, Absolutism: England Develops a Limited Monarchy, Paper 1 Review - Peacekeeping, Peacemaking & International Relations, Peacemaking, Peacekeeping – International Relations 1918 – 1936, THE COLD WAR: DEVELOPMENTS IN THE AMERICAS, Document Analysis: Identifying Point of View, Discussion & Debating: Skills & Etiquette, Analyzing Photographs, Maps, Graphs and Charts, Lady Gaga Parody and the French Revolution, Crash Course History on The French Revolution, 03MultimediarubricforG10DBQassignment (1).docx, Multimedia Rubric G10 DBQ French Revolution Assignment.pdf. Important politicians such as Cardinal Richilieu were staunch supporters of absolutism. Revolutionaries in France took the threat seriously and prepared for war. He disagreed, so the Third Estate declared itself the National Assembly. When the Revolution began, aristocratic opinion varied. He believed in using force to crush uprisings – and did. were shocked and appalled at what had happened in France. The revolution did not suddenly change France from a society where position and power depended on birth, custom, and being obsequious to the king, nor did it usher in an entirely new era of government being run by skilled professionals instead of noble amateurs. Napoleon returned from the Russian campaign to a devastated French population. In 1807 he was rolling through Poland and met the beautiful Maria Waleska, a countess. C. Louis XVI. Peace had been made with the church and Britain – France’s strongest enemy. It, was the center of the Enlightenment, and France’s culture was widely praised, and imitated by the rest of the world. In the First Estate were the clergy or leaders of the Church. However, the appearance of success was, deceiving. Catholic ever since Louis XIV did away with the Edict of Nantes. He became a hero. The government was reorganized. In the political system of pre-Revolutionary France, the nobility made up the Second Estate of the Estates General (with the Catholic clergy comprising the First Estate and the bourgeoisie and peasants in the Third Estate). The Directory called upon Napoleon for assistance. Absolutism or absolute monarchical rule was developing across Europe during the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries. What was the Declaration of Plintz? Share. There is no standard in France for measuring goods, which makes trade and business difficult. They wanted to have more of a say in their government. Absolute Monarchy, the French Revolution & Napoleon, country of Europe. More and more decided to leave France and join the exiled nobles, the Émigré. Napoleon called a heavily attacked battery “The Battery of the Fearless” and fought along with his men, which commanded respect. Austerlitz: Napoleon got control of Central Europe and peace terms with Austria and Russia through his victory at Austerlitz. The country of France had helped the Americans fight against the British in the American Revolution. The Directory became an oligarchy and was hated by commoners. That means the First and Second Estates outvoted 97% of the population by a vote of 2-1. (1) Those who supported Napoleon had territory taken from them. The revolutionaries had no choice … By the beginning of October 1789, most women could no longer feed their children, let alone themselves. Napoleon crowned himself Emperor of France and Josephine as empress. ideals in many countries. (he refused indirectly by stalling on his answer) Napoleon thus went after Marie-Louise, the Austrian grand-niece of Marie Antoinette. Crossing the Nieman River/ Vilna: Napoleon wanted a big battle and quick victory, but didn’t get it here. In Revolutionary France, the Legislative Assembly votes to abolish the monarchy and establish the First Republic. So the gov’t of France no longer had enough money. After reading, consider which of the paragraphs above relate to the following "causes". It had a large population and a prosperous foreign trade. History. (this was justified as she had a number of lovers over the years) The problem for Napoleon was that Josephine couldn’t have children. Is there a way to search all eBay sites for different countries at once? Before the revolution, ownership of rank and title was increasingly dependent upon money rather than birth, and this money … He fell for the girl in the family he boarded with. Borodino: This was the first major battle against Russia, and the bloodiest of the 1800s. Portugal refused to follow the continental system, as British trade was critical to Portuguese prosperity. A monarch was a welcome change, as it would bring much more centralized, decisive government to the country. The situation: Things have gone back to a more relaxed atmosphere after Robspierre’s death, but wages are out of control and are getting lower. People in the Polish court – an even her aged husband – encouraged her to divorce and marry Napoleon, to rid Poland of the Russian hold. She needed cash and knew how to make men fall for her. In fact, it was the Directory alone that had decision-making power. Not long after Julie and Joseph were married. The king’s brother and leading figure in the émigrés movement — the Comte d’Artois — had moved his court to Koblenz, a German city in the Rhineland near the French border. There is religious conflict. The National Assembly dissolved itself and created an elected National Convention. Factions. (2) The countries that suffered most would have an indemnity paid by France. His first love he had met after he moved his family to Toulon from Corsica (his father had died and the family income declined significantly). Which accurately describe events leading to the Scientific Revolution? The curriculum was designed to develop young people into logical and reasonable-minded civil servants. Social Cause 3. After a series of losses and problems in France, they began to win and actually expanded the territory of France. Over half of the STILL EXIST TODAY in France! After Napoleon became Emperor of France he was aware that the country was disorganized. During the reign of the monarchs in France, there were three Estates, with everyone belonging to one. New individuals were appointed to the nobility by the monarchy, or they could … Do you make more money each year, even just from an allowance, than that of others in the world? The Enlightenment sought to shed the “light” of reason on traditional ideas about government, and some thinkers encouraged the people to revolt. The March into Moscow: Napoleons marched into an empty city. Trafalgar: The French and Spanish navies were destroyed at Trafalgar, which left Spain furious with France and France’s coastline vulnerable to English attack from the sea. Slavery exists in the colonies, but was necessary as part of the colonial economies. Napoleon eventually graduated from the Royal Military College in Paris. The French Revolution was a wakeup call to European monarchs who _____fanned flames of opposition to the French Revolution abroad. How did MONARCHS maintain and justify their power? This allowed him to manage free education for his children. Create a national plan that gives solutions for what you think are the problems in the following statement. The National Assembly thought they could restore control through laws. The measure came one year after King Louis XVI Napoleon didn’t want it to look like he was a single ruler who had taken power. Two events led to his growing fame. Protestants in France were also persecuted. The problem was how to get rid of Desiree. Describe the status of the nobles in France before the revolution. 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